Northwest Chicago Bankruptcy BLOG



Surrender: Sometimes a Debtor’s Best Option

May 18th, 2012

As this week we have reviewed the options for individuals to keep their vehicles in bankruptcy, there is another option for those individuals who overextended themselves with a car loan: surrender the vehicle. Surrender will allow you to walk away from the car and owe nothing.

Our blog has mentioned a debtor files a “statement of intention” with the court regarding what they wish to do with their secured debts. Debtors can file this and state they intend to surrender the car. If you lease a car and not own it, you can get out of the lease by surrendering the car and rejecting the lease on the statement of intention.

The main benefit of surrendering a vehicle is that debtors can get rid of the car and the debt if they owe more money than the car is worth, or if the monthly payments are simply too high for the debtor to maintain. Without bankruptcy, you cannot just give a car back to a dealer and have them wipe clean the remaining debt. Outside of bankruptcy, even if the lender repossessed the car, the lender would continue to pursue actions against you for the remaining portion of the debt.

Bankruptcy offers the borrower relief that he or she would otherwise not have for the amount owed on the car if it is surrendered in bankruptcy. The main problem with surrendering a vehicle is most people use their cars to go to work and drive their kids to school, but these problems can be managed. Many debtors re-discover public transportation, borrow a car from a friend or relative, or purchase a different, down-sized car. If you need a loan for a used car, there are lenders willing to offer loans to people post-bankruptcy. They are likely sub-prime lenders, so debtors must be sure the company is reputable before proceeding with a new car loan. Although figuring out a new mode of transportation could be a hassle, the benefits will likely outweigh any inconvenience for debtors who overextended themselves on a car loan.

U.S. Law Attorneys, Ltd. – Schaumburg bankruptcy lawyers

Reaffirm Your Car Loan in a Chapter 7 Bankruptcy

May 16th, 2012

Debtors have options regarding their secured property and debts in Chapters 7 bankruptcy. On Monday, we discussed how redemption is one option, allowing a debtor to make a lump-sum payment in Chapter 7 to redeem a vehicle. Redeeming a vehicle might not always be possible, as it requires lump-sum of cash or a redemption loan. But this is not the only way to keep a vehicle in Chapter 7, and debtors can choose to reaffirm the loan.

Reaffirmation of a debt is a “re-promise” of the loan obligation and allows the borrower to keep the car while continuing to make the regular payments. Sometimes, a creditor might be open to changing the terms of the loan if it would receive more money through reaffirmation than it would repossession of the vehicle. The bankruptcy court may  not allow reaffirmation if it believes it would present an undue hardship on the debtor, such as if the debt greatly exceeds the fair market value of the car. In that case, surrendering or redemption would likely be a better option.

To reaffirm a car in Chapter 7 proceeding, the debtor must:

  • File a reaffirmation agreement prior to discharge;
  • Show that the loan is necessary and the payment is reasonable;
  • Not rescind on the reaffirmation; and
  • Prove to the bankruptcy court that reaffirmation does not present an undue hardship.

If you do not wish to keep your car and want to get rid of it (and the attached debt,) stay posted for Friday’s blog reviewing the legal consequences of surrendering a vehicle in bankruptcy.

U.S. Law Attorneys, Ltd. – Schaumburg bankruptcy lawyers

Redeem Your Car for its Retail Value and Wipe Clean the Rest

May 14th, 2012

Did you know you can keep your car during and after Chapter 7 bankruptcy, and that you will have a few options to can choose from? It’s true, and you must indicate to the court what you plan to do with your car, along with any other secured debts, by filing a “statement of intention.”

One option for your car loan in a Chapter 7 is redemption. Debtors can redeem their vehicles by paying a lump sum for the amount owed to the lender, and that sum equal to the car’s retail value. This is often less than what is owed. Therefore, if you own a car with a retail value of $4,000 but you owe $6,000, you can redeem and keep the car, and have the remaining $2,000 discharged at the end of your bankruptcy if you are able to pay the $4,000 up front. For debtors who cannot afford to make a lump-sum payment, there are lenders specializing in redemption loans. This may be in the sub-prime market, so borrowers should research the lender before agreeing to another loan. The debtor must obtain the court’s approval before redeeming the vehicle.

While this seems simple enough, a common problem that debtors encounter is that creditors will disagree on what is the retail price of the car. Debtors can produce evidence of the car’s retail value by entering information on Kelly Blue Book or the Nada Guide. Even if using these widely-accepted valuation tools, there can still be disagreements about the condition of the car, whether its excellent, good, fair or poor. Debtors can bolster their case by taking pictures of the car to prove its condition. A professional, objective appraisal can also be performed, but this will cost money. A contested hearing might be necessary for a judge to determine the retail value of the car.

Stay posted for other options for dealing with vehicles in Chapter 7 bankruptcy, including reaffirmation and surrender discussed later this week.